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VAPORIZER. I No. 374,720. Patented Dec. 13, 1887.

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VAPORIZER. No. 374,720. Patented Dec. 13, 1887.

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J; H. VALENTINE.

VAPORIZER.

No, 374,720. Patenfed Dec. 13, 1887.

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UNITED STATES PAT NT OFFICE.

JAMES H. VALENTINE, OF STANLEY, NEW JERSEY.

VAPOYRIIZER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 374,720, dated December 13, 1887.

Application filed February 5, 1887. Serial No. 226,620. (No model.)

- To all whom, it may concern:

Be it k nown that I, J AMES H. VALENTINE, a

citizen of the United States, residing in Stanley, in the county of Morris and State of New Jersey, have invented certain Improvements in Vaporizers, of which the following is a specification. This invention relates to vaporizers or censers used chiefly for vaporizing or evaporating medicinal substances, although applicable also for vaporizing perfumes or incense.

The present vaporizer is an improvement. upon that disclosed in the patent, No. 247,480, granted September 27, 1881, to George Shepard Page and myself as assignees of E. H. Garpenter, and also upon that disclosed in my patent, No. 323,547, dated August 4, 1885. The use for which this vaporizer was especially designed is for vaporizing cresylic acid or vapo-cresolene for the treatment of diseases of a zymotic character, such as diphtheria, whooping-cough, and asthma. In the vaporizers disclosed in the said patents the vapocresolene has been subjected to the moderated heat of a lamp or gas-flame at a temperature preferably of about 180-to 200Fahrenheit in order to vaporize it as rapidly as possible without decomposing it. The vaporization has been effected in an open tray or basin, the cresylic vapor escaping into the room in which the patient to be treated is placed.

For the treatment of certain diseases with vapo-cresolene, as well as with other remedies, it is desirable to have the medicinal vapor moistened and maintained at a higher temperature than that which it retains after escaping into the atmosphere of the room, and it is also frequently desirable to apply it di rectly by inhalation. To attain these objects in a simple, convenient, and effective manner is the aim of my present invention.

My improved vaporizer embodies two evaporating-vesselsone, as in the said previous patent, for containing the cresolene or other medicine, perfume, or disinfectant, and the other for containing water or other liquid with which to moisten the vapor arising from the liquid in the firstnamed vessel-a source of heat so applied to the two vessels as to effect the vaporization of their contained liquids, and means for establishing communication between the two vessels in such manner that the vapors arising from the liquids shall be com-' The water-vessel is arranged near-' mingled. est to the source of heat, in order that its contained liquid shall be heated to a higher degree than that in the other vessel. The cooler vessel, containing the medicinal or other substance, may be left open in order that its vapor may escape into the atmosphere; or it may be closed and means be provided for conducting the combined Vapors therefrom to a mouthpiece or other device for administering them to the patient by direct inhalation. Means are provided for regulating the degree of heat to which either of the evaporating-vessels is subjected. 1

Figure 1 of. the accompanying drawings is a side elevation of my vaporizer in itspreferred construction. Fig. 2 is a vertical mid-section thereof. Fig. 3 is a plan of the cover for the upper evaporating -vessel. Fig.4: is a fragmentary section, being a portion of Fig. 2,- showing the parts in a different position. Figs. 5, 6, and 7 illustrate modificatiops. Each is a vertical mid-section answering to'Fig. Z. In Figs. 6 and 7 the cover over the upper vessel is omitted. Fig. 8 is an elevation of the vaporizer adapted for use in a stable.

I will first describe the construction shown in Figs. 1 to 4.. Referring to these figures, let A designate an upright cylindrical casing; B, a lamp or other source of heat placed therein orcommunicating with the interior thereof; 0, the lower evaporating-vessel for containing water; and D, Fig. 2, the upper evaporatingvessel for containing cresolene or other substance to be vaporized. The casing A is provided at its front with a door, A, through which to get access to the lamp B. The lamp has its adj usting-screw b arranged outside the casing, so that the flame may be regulated without opening the door A.

E, Fig.2, is the chimney of the lamp,which is supported in the casing A, and has fixed to it the cone 0. The casing A is divided interiorly by a horizontal partition, d, which fills the space outside of the chimney E, and through which the chimney projects. The space within the casing above this partition at and beneath the water-vessel (l constitutes a hotair charm ber, F, in which the hot gases arising from the lamp may circulate. The water vessel 0, which is here shown as of spherical form, rests upon and fits into the upper portion of the casing A, and is removable therefrom at will. A flue, G, is formed vertically through the vessel 0, and the hot gases, after circulating 'sition.

The evaporating'vesscl D is by preference in the form of a tray or saucer,which sets into the cup'shaped vessel H, and has a flange which rests upon the upper edge or rim-thereof. The space within the cup H and beneath the vessel D is thus inclosed, forming aheat-chamber, I. The hot gases, ascending through the flue G, continue to rise through the tube h and enter the chamber I,where they circulate in contact with the bottom of the vessel D, and finally escape through holes 111', formed in the sides of the cup H.

The water-vessel 0, being nearest to the lamp, receives the greater portion of the heat given out by the hot gases, both while they are circulating beneath it in the chamber F and while they are passing up through .the flue G. By the time the gases reach the chamber I they are considerably cooled, so that they do not heat the vessel D to nearly so high a temperature as that to which the vessel 0 is subjected. This result is highly desirable, at least when vapo cresolene is being used, as it must be vaporized at considerably below the boiling-point of water, while the water in the vessel 0 should be subjected to a temperature considerably above the boiling-point, in order to convert it as rapidly as is desirable into steam.

The tube h is adjustable up or down in the flue G, and fits it tightly enough to remainin any position to which it is adjusted. I avail myself of this construction,in order to provide a means of regulating the temperature of the gases which heat the vessel D. The tube his provided with a flange, h,to limit its downward movement, and just beneath this flange it is pierced with a series of small holes, jj. In Figs. 1 and 2 the tube h is shown as lowered to its bottom position, so that the holes j j are closed by being beneath the top of the flue G; but by raising the tube h a little the holesjj are brought slightly above the top of the flue, as shown in Fig. 4, so that the hot gases or a portion thereof will escape through these holes, and hence will notrise into the chamber I. Thus the temperature in the chamber as to uncover more or less of the height of the holes j j the temperature in the chamber I may, within certain limits, be regulated to a nicety.

The water-vessel O is provided with a filling-opening, through which to introduce the water, which is closed by the screw-cap k. From the upper part of the vessel 0 a duct or tube, J, extends upward and terminates in a nozzle, J, which has a lateral opening adapted to direct the steam ascending through the tube J over the top of the evaporating-vessel D. The opening of this nozzle is preferably directed somewhat downward, as shown, in order that the jet of steam therefrom may impinge upon the surface of the liquid in the vessel D. This impingement, however, is not essential.

It will be understood that while the water in the vessel 0 is being converted into steam,

which flows out through the tube Jand nozzle will comminglein the upper part of the vessel D, or, if this vessel is uncovered, in the atmosphere above the vessel D. By means of this commingling of the two vapors the medicinal vapor is moistened and its temperature is somewhat increased.

The vessel D may be left open, thus permitting the combined vapors to escape into the atmosphere of the room; but for many purposes it is preferable to confine the vapors, in order to administer them by direct inhalation. In such case I close the vessel D by placing over it a cover, K, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. This cover is shown in plan in Fig. 3. It is provided with a lip or corrugation, l, which, when the cover is in position, is placed opposite the nozzle J and serves to admit thejet of steam beneath it. The cover is also provided with a short tube or neck, m, to which is connected one end of a flexible rubber tube, L, to the other end of which is fixed a mouthpiece, M, or other device for facilitating directinhalation. Thus the cover K incloses a space or chamber above the liquid in the vessel D, in which space the two vapors are commingled, and the neck m and tube Lconstitute an outlet-passage from such chamber, through which the commingled vapors flow or are drawn on their way to the throat or lungs of the patient. Iuplace of the mouthpiece M, a nose-piece or hood, or other suitable inhaling device, may be substituted.

In order to enable thelamp B to be removed from the casing A, I provide the latter with a hinged bottom, N, which may be dropped down, and the lamp may then be taken out underneath. When the lamp isin place, the bottom end is held up by a hinged hasp', n, which turns up against the casing A, and is fastened by an eye, a, and pin 0.

My improved vaporizer is well adapted for the treatment of horses and other animals suffering from zymotic diseases, as well as for the treatment ofhuman beings. In order to-use it for the treatment of horses, the vaporizeris to be placed in the stall in or near the manger, or in an adjoining stall. A suitable hood may be applied to the horses nose, and connected to the cover K by a flexible tube, as L. It will usually be preferable, however, to vaporize the liquid into the open air in proximity to the horses nose. In this case a closed stall should be used, in order to prevent the too great dissemination of the vapors.

Experience in the use of this vaporizer for the treatment of horses proves that the animals are apt to nose the instrument when it is placed within their reach in the stall. This is undesirable on account both of the liability of their overturning the vaporizer and also because they may dip their noses in the medicinal liquid in the vessel D, which liquid is liable to have a corrosive action if applied to animal tissues in its liquid form. To obviate these disadvantages, I propose to provid emeans for fastening the vaporizer securely in place in the stall, so that the animal cannot overturn it, and to cover the vessel D in such way that 'the animal cannot get his nose into it. Fig. 8 illustrates the preferred construction for the latter purpose. A hood or cap, P, is placed over the top of the vaporizer, entirely inclosing the vessels 0, H, and B, and being fastened down to the vesselA by bayonetjoints engaging pinsp p, fixed to the latter vessel, so that it cannot be lifted. Thetop of this hood P is made of foraminous material, as shown at Q-such as perforated sheet metal or wire-gauzein order to permit the freeascent of the medicinal vapors into the stall. This hood P may be readily applied and removed, and in no way unfits the vaporizer for use in the way shown in Figs. 1 and 2, so that the same instrument may be used for treating both human beings and the lower animals.

I will now proceed to describe the modified forms of my invention which I have shown in the accompanying drawings, these forms being typical of many changes of which my invention is susceptible.

The construction shown in Fig.5 differs from that already described in two respects. First, the casing A is shorter, descending only as far as the horizontal partition d. Below this partition the device is open, being supported by legs P P. The chimney E and chamber F are the same as already described; but the lamp B isnecessaril y somewhat differently mounted, being supported in any suitable way between the legs P P. Second, the steam-tube J has no nozzle J, but instead thereof projects vertically and has its upper end open, and the cover K is form ed with a bent tube, J ,'which, when the cover is in place, fits over the upper end of the tube J and formsa continuation thereof, so that the ascending steam is carried .over and directed downwardly into the vessel D, where it impinges on the surface of the liquid therein.

Inthe construction shown in Fig. 6 the casing A extends from the bottoinM, as'in Fig. 1; but instead of stopping where it does in that figure it is continued farther n p, forming the outer wall of the water-vessel Oand of the cup H, and receiving in its ,upper end the tray or saucer forming the vessel D. In this construction the water-vessel G and cup H are not removable from the casing, noris any method shown for regulating the heat which reaches the upper vessel, D, although such might be provided.

The construction shown in Fig. 7 is similar to that shown in Fig. 6 in so far as theeasiug A is concerned; but in place of the single vertical flue G two or moreinclined and converging flues, G G, are employed. In this figure I .have shown a spirit-lamp, B, in place of a kerosene-lamp, such as is shown in the other figures.

I have shown a lamp, B, as the source of heat on account of its convenience; but many other means of generating heat may be used in its place-such, for instance, as a gas-flame,a

charcoal-furnace, or asteam-radiator. These devices are all so well. known as to require no illustration.

The deflecting-plate 9 serves the same purpose as the similar plate which forms the sub-. ject of the claim in the said Patent No. 247,480. Similarly the cup H, chamber I, and openings Mare essentially the same as the corresponding parts claimed in my said Patent No. 323,547.

I claim as my invention- 1. A vaporizer consisting of an exteriorcas ing, a source of .heat therein, ,two evaporatingvessels, a tlue or heat passage leading from said source of heat and communicating with the exteriors of said vessels successively, whereby one of said vessels is heated to a higher degree than the other, and a tube extending from the interior of the hotter vessel and leading to the cooler vessel, whereby the vapors generated in the hotter vessel are conducted over the surface of the liquid in the cooler vessel.

2. A vaporizer consisting of an exterior casing, a source of heat, two evaporating-vessels, the one arranged between said source of heat and the other, a flue or heat'passage leading from said source of heat and communicating with the exteriors of said vessels successively, whereby the vessel nearest to the source of heat is heated to a higher degree than the IZO- other, means for regulating the heat transmitted through said passage to the more remote vessel, and a tube extending from the interior of the hotter vessel and leading to the cooler vessel, whereby the vapors generated in the hotter vessel are conducted over the surface of the liquid in the cooler vessel.

3. A vaporizer consisting of two evaporating-vessels, a source of heat, a flue leading therefrom through one of said vessels and thence to the exterior of the other vessel, whereby the former is heated to a higher temperature than the latter, and a duct for establishing communication between the vaporspaces in both vessels, whereby the vapors arising from the liquids therein are commingled.

4. A vaporizer consisting of a source of heat, an evaporating-vessel placed thereover, a fine through said vessel for conveying the heated gases above it, a second evaporating-vessel over said flue, and a duct for establishing communication between the vaporspacesin both vessel arranged over said casing, a flue extending vertically through said vessel, a telescopic tube fitting into said flue, a cup-shaped vessel mounted on said tube, and a second evaporating-vessel placed on said cup.

7. The combination of an upright casing, a source of heat therein, a water evaporating vessel, a flue extending vertically through said vessel, a telescopic tube fitting into said flue, vertically adj ustabletherein,and having damper-holes which, by its vertical adjustment, are either opened or closed at will, a cupshaped vessel mounted on said tube, and a second evaporating-vessel mounted on said cup, whereby, by the adjustment of said tube, the heat which reaches saidsecond vessel may be regulated.

8. The combination of an upright casing, a source of heat therein, a water-evaporating vesselfitting thereon and removable therefrom, and formed with a flue extending vertically through it, a cup formed with a tube fitting telescopically into said flue, and a saucershaped vessel fitting on said cup.

9. A vaporizer consisting of an upright casing, a source of heat therein, a water-evaporating vessel, a second evaporating vessel arranged above said water-vessel, and a duct for conveying steam from said water -vessel to above the liquid in said second vessel, in combination with a hood fitting over said parts, fastened to said casing and constructed with a foraminous top.

In witness whereof I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JAMES H. VALENTINE.

WVitnesses:

GEORGE H. FRASER, 'PASOHAL J. FERRARA. 

